Adrenal tumors have a relatively high incidence rate. Based on whether there is excessive hormone secretion, they can be classified into functional and non-functional adrenal tumors. According to the site of tumor occurrence, they can be categorized into adrenal cortical and medullary tumors, as well as metastatic tumors. Based on the nature of the tumors, they can be classified into benign and malignant adrenal tumors.

1. Classification based on hormone secretion status

(1) Functional Adrenal Tumors: These tumors secrete large amounts of hormones, such as epinephrine, aldosterone, angiotensin, cortisol, etc. Patients experience corresponding symptoms, requiring prompt surgical removal.

(2) Non-functional Adrenal Tumors: Primarily refer to adrenal tumors without secretory function. The risk of this condition is relatively low. When the tumor is small, patients typically have no obvious symptoms; as the tumor gradually enlarges, symptoms such as compression and obstruction may appear.

2. Classification by Tumor Location

Tumors arising in the adrenal cortex are called adrenal cortical tumors. Some may secrete adrenal cortical hormones, leading to conditions such as elevated blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, and endocrine disorders.

Those originating in the adrenal medulla are called adrenal medullary tumors, which secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine, leading to severe hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases in patients, generally requiring timely surgical intervention.

3. Classification by Tumor Nature

Benign adrenal tumors include aldosterone-secreting adenomas, cortisol-secreting adenomas, pheochromocytomas, etc.; malignant adrenal tumors include adrenal cortical carcinomas, among others.

If an adrenal tumor is confirmed through relevant examinations, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly and undergo treatment under the guidance of a professional doctor.