Key Tips: Fertility testing may include medical examinations such as semen analysis, hormone level measurements, ultrasound scans, testicular biopsy, and hysterosalpingography. If you're planning pregnancy or experiencing fertility issues, it's recommended to consult a doctor for relevant testing and treatment. 1. Semen ana...

Fertility testing may include medical examinations such as semen analysis, hormone level testing, ultrasound examinations, testicular biopsy, and hysterosalpingography. If you are planning pregnancy or experiencing fertility issues, it is recommended to consult a doctor for relevant testing and treatment.

1. Semen analysis

Semen analysis is used to evaluate whether a man’s sperm count, motility, and morphology are normal to determine potential fertility issues. By collecting and observing ejaculated semen samples, parameters such as sperm concentration, motility, and morphological indicators are measured.

2. Hormone level testing

Hormone level testing includes the six-item sex hormone panel, which can reflect the functional status of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and aid in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of infertility. Blood samples are typically collected after fasting at specific time points and sent to the laboratory for quantitative analysis of relevant hormone concentrations.

3. Ultrasound Examination

Ultrasound examination can reveal structural abnormalities or defects in male reproductive organs, such as cryptorchidism or absence of the vas deferens, which may affect fertility. High-frequency probes are used to scan the abdominal or scrotal area to obtain images of internal structures.

4. Testicular Biopsy

Testicular biopsy is indicated for etiological diagnosis in patients with azoospermia or oligospermia. A small portion of testicular tissue is directly extracted for pathological examination. Under local anesthesia, a small tissue sample is obtained from one or both testicles, followed by microscopic analysis.

5. Hysterosalpingography (HSG)

Hysterosalpingography provides a direct assessment of fallopian tube patency to diagnose potential blockages that may affect conception. The procedure involves injecting contrast medium into the uterine cavity and using X-ray imaging to track its flow and distribution. This examination is typically performed 3-7 days after menstrual cessation.

All the above examinations should be conducted under medical supervision to ensure safety. Patients are advised to avoid excessive anxiety and maintain a positive mindset to prevent interference with test accuracy.